Chullin Daf 51 צולין דַף 51

A Baraisa states: מחט שנמצאת בעובי בית הכוסות – if a needle was found in the thickness of the reticulum (a double-walled bulge at the front of the paunch), if the needle only protrudes from one side (i.e., from the inner wall), it is kosher, because the outer wall is presumably intact. If it protrudes through both walls, it is a tereifah if the puncture occurred before the shechitah, which is determined as follows: נמצא עליה קורט דם – if a drop of blood was found on [the needle], the needle certainly entered before the shechitah, and it is a tereifah. If not, the puncture must have occurred afterwards, and it is kosher. הגליד פי המכה – If a scab covered over the opening of the wound, the puncture must have occurred three days before the shechitah, so if the animal was purchased within that period, he may demand a refund from the seller. If there is no scab, the puncture’s timing is unknown, and המוציא מחבירו עליו הראיה – the burden of proof is on the one seeking to extract money from his fellow. Although other punctures are ruled tereifah even without finding blood at the puncture site, that  is because the blood had nothing to adhere to and was washed away, but here, since there is a needle, מיסרך הוה סריך – [the blood] would have adhered to the needle if the puncture had occurred before shechitah.

The Mishnah taught that נפלה מן הגג – if [an animal] fell from a roof, it is a tereifah, because of a concern for ריסוק אברים – concussion of the limbs. Rav Huna says: הניח בהמה למעלה ובא ומצאה למטה – if one left an animal above on a roof and came later and found it below on the ground, we are not concerned for ריסוק אברים, because we assume the animal descended intentionally, rather than fell. Ravina’s goat was once on a roof, and saw garlic on the lower level through a skylight, and it jumped from the roof and fell to the floor below. Ravina asked Rav Ashi if Rav Huna’s permit is משום דאית לה מידי למסרך – because it has something to cling to on its descent (i.e., the wall), but in this case, there was nothing to cling to when it jumped through a skylight and would be a tereifah. Or, is Rav Huna’s permit משום דאמדה נפשה – because it assessed itself as able to safely jump from this height, which would apply in this case as well? Rav Ashi answered that the latter reason is correct.

Regarding our Mishnah’s ruling that a "נפולה" – fallen [animal] is a tereifah, Rav says: עמדה אינה צריכה מעת לעת – if [the animal] stood up after falling, it does not require waiting twenty-four hours before shechitah, and is permitted immediately [ordinarily, a נפולה can be permitted if it survives twenty-four hours before being shechted]. Still, בדיקה ודאי בעיא – it certainly requires an internal examination, detailed below. הלכה – If it even walked after the fall, it does not even require an examination, and is permitted outright. Rav Chiya bar Ashi requires an examination in this case as well. Rav said: פשטה ידה לעמוד – if it stretched out its foreleg to try to stand, it is tantamount to actually standing, even if it did not. עקרה רגלה להלך – If it raised its hind leg to walk, it is tantamount to actually walking, even if it did not. Rav Chisda went further: ניערה לעמוד – if it merely stirred itself to stand, it is considered as if it stood. Amoraim argue if the examination of a נפולה is כנגד בני מעיים – along the internal organs, orכנגד בית החלל כולו – along the entire cavity of the body.