Menachos Daf 107 מנחוס דַף 107

The next Mishnah states that one who pledges to bring an offering of wine must bring at least three לוגין, which is the smallest amount of נסכים accompanying a korban. If one pledges an offering of oil, the Tanna Kamma says he must bring at least one לוג, but Rebbe requires three לוגין. The רבנן before Rav Pappa explained the machlokes: the Rabbonon hold דון מינה ומינה – derive the law from it and derive the parameters from it. Since the principle of donating a שמן offering is derived from menachos, we also derive that just as a minchah requires a single לוג, a שמן offering also requires one לוג. Rebbe holds דון מינה ואוקי באתרה – derive the law from it, but establish its parameters according to its own place. Therefore, although donating a שמן offering is derived from menachos, we derive the minimum amount of שמן from נסכים of wine, which are similar (in that they are brought on their own); just as נסכים require three לוגין, a שמן offering also requires three לוגין. Rav Pappa explained the machlokes differently, but a Baraisa supports the first interpretation.

The next Mishnah states that if one specified to bring [an עולה] from בקר – cattle, but did not recall which type, he must bring both possibilities, פר ועגל – a bull and male calf. The Mishnah then details numerous other animals one would be required to bring for broader possibilities (e.g., an עולה from “an animal,” or a shelamim, which can include females). The Gemara wonders why, in the first case, he must bring both a פר and an עגל; let him bring a פר alone, which would even fulfill a נדר for an עגל, since a פר is bigger!? It answers that this reflects the opinion of Rebbe from the end of the Mishnah, which states: גדול והביא קטן לא יצא – if one pledged to bring a large animal as a korban but brought a small one, he did not fulfill his obligation. However, קטן והביא גדול – if he pledged a small one and brought a large one, the Tanna Kamma says he is יוצא, but Rebbe says he is not יוצא. The Gemara explains that the סיפא is teaching that the above law (requiring to bring a פר and עגל) is the subject of a machlokes Tannaim.

A Mishnah states: ששה לנדבה – there were six collection boxes in the Beis Hamikdash for donated offerings. Numerous explanations are given for why there are six boxes. Chizkiyah says they were for the six בתי אבות – paternal houses of Kohanim (divided by the days of the week), which the Sages instituted שיהא שלום זה עם זה – so there would be peace between one and the other. Since the skins of korbanos brought from these boxes were given to the Kohanim of that day’s בית אב, one בית אב may receive more skins than another, leading to disputes. Therefore, separate boxes were made for each בית אב. Rebbe Yochanan says that since the donations were numerous, the Sages instituted to have several boxes so the money should not corrode. Ze’iri says they were for a bull, a calf, a ram, a lamb, a kid, and a goat (the six possible animals for an עולה): each of these korbanos has a particular minimum cost (as taught in the previous Mishnah). One who donated any of these korbanos placed the requisite funds into its particular box, whose funds would be used for that korban. Three more explanations are given for the six boxes, as discussed on the next Daf.