Zevachim Daf 103 זבחים דַף 103

The next Mishnah states: כל שלא זכה המזבח בבשרה – any [korban] of which the מזבח did not merit its meat to burn, because it was invalidated before זריקה, לא זכו כהנים בעורה – the Kohanim did not merit to receive its hide, because the passuk says they receive the עור of "עולת איש" – a person’s olah, implying: עולה שעלתה לאיש – an olah which counted for a person, not one which was disqualified. Still, regarding an עולה which was shechted שלא לשמה, which is a valid korban but does not “count” for the owner’s obligation, the עור still goes to Kohanim (based on a derashah). Both the עורות of a man’s עולה and a woman’s עולה go to Kohanim. This is darshened by a Baraisa from a superfluous "העולה". The עורות of קדשים קלים are received by the korban’s owner, but the עורות of קדשי קדשים are given to Kohanim.

Rebbe Yehudah darshens "עולת איש" – a person’s olah to exclude עולת הקדש – an olah of hekdesh. Three interpretations are given of this case, the first of which is later rejected. Rebbe Yannai says it means an עולה which the owner was (additionally) makdish for בדק הבית (i.e., monetary hekdesh). Although there is a machlokes if such hekdesh takes effect on a korban מדאורייתא or only מדרבנן, that is only regarding its meat (which “belongs” to the מזבח), but regarding its עור, it surely belongs to hekdesh מדאורייתא, and not the Kohanim. Rav Hamnuna said it refers to מקדיש נכסיו – one who consecrated all of his possessions, which included animals fit for the מזבח. In a Mishnah about such a case, Rebbe Eliezer says the males are sold to those requiring עולות, and the females are sold to those requiring שלמים, and all proceeds belong to hekdesh. Rebbe Yehoshua says the animals are all dedicated for עולות: the males are themselves brought as עולות for the owner, and the females are sold for those requiring שלמים, and the owner purchases עולות with the proceeds. Rebbe Yehudah is teaching that even Rebbe Yehoshua, who holds he is makdish the animals to be korbanos, agrees that the עורות of those korbanos are given to hekdesh, not the Kohanim.

The passuk says that the עור of an עולה is given to Kohanim. A Baraisa darshens the phrase "אשר הקריב" – which he offered to teach that they receive עורות of other korbanos. Still, only קדשי קדשים are given to Kohanim, because they are similar to an עולה, but the עורות of קדשים קלים are given to the korban’s owner. Rebbe Yishmael derives that the עורות of קדשי קדשים are given to Kohanim based on a kal vachomer (recorded in our Mishnah): if regarding an olah, שלא זכו בבשרה – where [the Kohanim] did not merit to receive its meat (because it is completely burned), זכו בעורה – yet they merited to receive its hide, then regarding קדשי קדשים, where they did receive its meat, certainly they should also receive its עור! Rebbe says that for all other korbanos, העור מהלך אחר הבשר – the hide follows the meat. Thus, for פרים הנשרפים and שעירים הנשרפים, the עורות are burned along with them, and for קדשי קדשים, the עורות are given to Kohanim together with their meat. Only for olah, which the Torah required to remove the עור from the korban, did it need to teach that the עור is given to Kohanim.