Zevachim Daf 107 זבחים דַף 107

A Mishnah on Daf 110a teaches that one who performs זריקה of some blood בחוץ is חייב, and Tannaim debate its source. Rebbe Yishmael says the passuk about shechting בחוץ says "דם יחשב" – it will be considered as blood, לרבות הזורק – to include one who throws blood בחוץ. Rebbe Akiva says the passuk about העלאה בחוץ says "או זבח" – or a korban to include זורק בחוץ. Later, Rebbe Avahu says a practical machlokes emerges where someone shechted and was זורק בחוץ, or was זורק and מעלה בחוץ. Rebbe Yishmael, who derives זריקה from שחיטה, would obligate one korban for שוחט וזורק and two korbanos for זורק ומעלה, whereas Rebbe Akiva, who derives זריקה from העלאה, would say the reverse. However, Abaye says there is no machlokes, because the passuk says: "שם תעלה...ושם תעשה" – there you shall offer up…and there you shall do. This grouping teaches: הכתוב עשאן לכולן עבודה אחת – the passuk made all of them (besides העלאה) like one service, so שוחט זורק is חייב one korban, but זורק ומעלה is חייב two. All agree that if one was שוחט, זורק, and מעלה בחוץ, he is חייב two korbanos.

A Baraisa explains that the phrases "במחנה" – in the camp and "מחוץ למחנה" – outside the camp together teach that one is liable for shechting in the מחנה לויה (and not only outside all three מחנות), but only in a place which is not fit for shechting any korbanos (and not for shechting קדשי קדשים in דרום). Based on this, Ulla says: השוחט על גגו של היכל חייב – one who shechts on the roof of the Heichal is liable, הואיל ואין ראוי לשחיטת כל זבח – since it is not fit for shechting any korban. Rava objects that the phrase "אל פתח אהל מועד" – to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting seems superfluous, and comes to exclude shechting on the היכל roof!? Rav Mari explains that according to Rava, that "במחנה" is no longer necessary to obligate for shechting inside מחנה לויה, it is instead לאיתויי כולה בחוץ וצוארה בפנים – to include one who shechts a korban whose entire [body] is outside, but its neck is inside, as חייב, despite the shechitah act taking place inside, because the rest of the animal is outside.

Amoraim discuss: המעלה בזמן הזה – if one offers up a korban בחוץ nowadays, Rebbe Yochanan says he is חייב, because קדושה ראשונה קידשה לשעתה וקידשה לעתיד לבא – the original sanctification of Yerushalayim and the Beis Hamikdash sanctified [them] for that time and for all future times, so the prohibition to sacrifice on a במה remains. Reish Lakish says he is פטור, because he holds קדושה ראשונה was only for that time, but not לעתיד לבא, and sacrificing on a במה became permitted after the חורבן. The Gemara suggests this parallels a machlokes Tannaim. Rebbe Eliezer says that when they built the היכל of the second Beis Hamikdash, היו עושים קלעים – they set up curtains in the היכל and עזרה as temporary partitions. Rebbe Yehoshua says: שמעתי שהיו מקריבין אף על פי שאין בית – I heard that that they would sacrifice [korbanos] even though there was no [Beis Hamikdash], and they ate קדשי קדשים in the עזרה area even without curtains, and ate קדשים קלים and מעשר שני inside Yerushalayim even without walls, because קדושה ראשונה קידשה לשעתה וקידשה לעתיד לבא. The Gemara assumes that Rebbe Eliezer disagrees (and required curtains to permit these activities), but concludes that there may be no machlokes, and the curtains were just for privacy.